Colonial Williamsburg Research Division Web Site

Recommended Readings, Buying Respectability

Baumgarten, Linda. What Clothes Reveal: The Language of Clothing in Colonial and Federal America. Williamsburg, Va.: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002.

Borsay, Peter. English Urban Renaissance: Culture and Society in the Provincial Town, 1660–1770. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989.

Breen, T.H. “An Empire of Goods: The Anglicization of Colonial America, 1690–1776.” Journal of British Studies, XXV (1986), pp. 467–499.

Breen, T.H. The Marketplace of Revolution: How Consumer Politics Shaped American Independence. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Breen, T.H. “Narrative of Commercial Life: Consumption, Ideology, and Community on the Eve of the American Revolution.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Ser., L (1993), pp. 471–501.

Brewer, John, and Roy Porter, eds. Consumption and the World of Goods. London: Routledge, 1993.

Brewer, John. The Pleasures of the Imagination: English Culture in the Eighteenth Century. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1997.

Bushman, Richard L. The Refinement of America. Persons, Houses, Cities. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992.

Carson, Cary, Ronald Hoffman, and Peter J. Albert, eds. Of Consuming Interests: The Style of Life in the Eighteenth Century. Charlottesville, Va.: University Press of Virginia, 1994.

Chappell, Edward A. “Housing a Nation: The Transformation of Living Standards in Early America.” In Of Consuming Interests: The Style of Life in the Eighteenth Century. Edited by Cary Carson, Ronald Hoffman, and Peter J. Albert. Charlottesville, Va.: University Press of Virginia, 1994.

Crowley, John E. The Invention of Comfort: Sensibilities and Design in Early Modern Britain and Early America. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001.

Ferguson, Leland. Uncommon Ground: Archaeology and Early African America, 1650–1800. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992.

Hunter, Phyllis Whitman. Purchasing Identity in the Atlantic World: Massachusetts Merchants, 1670–1780. Ithaca, N. Y.: Cornell University Press, 2001.

Martin, Ann Smart. “Makers, Buyers, and Users. Consumerism as a Material Culture Framework.” Winterthur Portfolio, XXVIII (1993), pp. 141–157.

Mason, Frances Norton, ed. John Norton & Sons, Merchants of London and Virginia; Being the Papers from the Counting House for the Years 1750 to 1795. New York: Augustus M. Kelley, 1968.

McKendrick, Neil, John Brewer, and J. H. Plumb. The Birth of a Consumer Society: The Commercialization of Eighteenth-Century England. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1982.

Powers, Emma L., and Pamela S. Pettengell. “Buying Respectability.” In Cary Carson, ed. Becoming Americans: Our Struggle To Be Both Free and Equal. Williamsburg, Va.: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 2004.

Ragsdale, Bruce A. A Planters’ Republic: The Search for Economic Independence in Revolutionary Virginia. Madison, Wis.: Madison House, 1996.

Shammas, Carole. “Explaining Past Changes in Consumption and Consumer Behavior.” Historical Methods, XXII (1989), pp. 61–67.

Shammas, Carole. The Pre-Industrial Consumer in England and America. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

Singleton, Theresa A. “The Archaeology of Slave Life.” In Before Freedom Came: African-American Life in the Antebellum South. Edited by Edward D. C. Campbell, Jr., with Kym Rice. Published for the Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond, Va. Charlottesville, Va.: University Press of Virginia, 1991.

Sobel, Mechal. The World They Made Together: Black and White Values in Eighteenth-Century Virginia. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1987.

Walsh, Lorena S. “Fettered Consumers: Slaves and the Anglo-American ‘Consumer Revolution.’” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Economic History Association, 1992, copy, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.

Yentsch, Anne Elizabeth. A Chesapeake Family and Their Slaves: A Study in Historical Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.